What Is Bipolar Disorder. - 1101 Words

What is Bipolar disorder? Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depression, is a mental disorder. This condition primarily affects your mood and can cause extreme mood swings from elation to depression. Individuals with bipolar disorder can experience serious changes in thinking, energy and behaviour. If you have bipolar disorder you are likely to experience what are referred to as ‘episodes’ or states. The different types of episodes are; †¢ Mania – feeling extremely happiness or euphoria (high) †¢ Depressive episodes, also known as dysthymia (low) †¢ Psychotic states can also be observed with people with bipolar disorder during manic or depressive†¦show more content†¦This type presents itself with serious mood changes from mania and depression. These episodes can last days, weeks or months depending on the individual and how severe their episodes are. †¢ Bipolar 2 disorder – This is a milder form of bipolar disorder. The person still experiences mania and depressive episodes but they are not as extreme as bipolar 1. †¢ Cyclothymic disorder – This type describes a type of bipolar disorder that the person still experiences mania and depression, however, the episodes are short lasting and not as extensive. Diagnosis If you experience any of signs and symptoms above and believe you may have bipolar disorder you need to make an appointment with your GP. To help your doctor make a diagnosis they may ask the following; †¢ What symptoms are you experiencing? †¢ How long do your episodes last? †¢ How the symptoms affect your daily life? The doctor may perform some tests to rule out physical causes for your symptoms i.e. check your thyroid which can sometimes cause mania-like symptoms. If your doctor believes you to have bipolar disorder they will refer you to a mental health professional such as a psychiatrist, this mental health professional is the only person who can officially diagnose you with the disorder. If you intend to hurt yourself or others they will make this appointment immediately. If youShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Bipolar Disorder?1546 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Is Bipolar Disorder? Bipolar disorder is a brain disorder that causes uncommon shifts in mood, energy, ability to perform daily routines and another terminology is â€Å"manic-depressive illness†. According to American Psychiatric Association â€Å"Bipolar diagnosed patients can lead full and productive lives†. This isn’t by any means harmful or threatening but can be well managed, controlled and yield positives because it can be treated. How Can Bipolar Behavior Be Recognized? An individual can be inRead MoreWhat Are Bipolar Disorder?1240 Words   |  5 Pagestoday’s society that are diagnosed with mental illness, especially that of bipolar disorder, does not seem to come as much of a surprise to anyone. Yet, why is this? Is the recent over-diagnosis due in part to fault within the definition of what pediatric bipolar disorder actually is? Many believe this to be the case; while others support the notion that bipolar disorder is not over diagnosed and the recent prevalence of the disorder is the result of increased awareness on the part of health professionalsRead MoreWhat Is Bipolar Disorder?2131 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is bipolar disorder? The author of An Unquiet Mind, Kay Jamison, suffers from bipolar disorder a serious mental illness that has made its mark on her. â€Å"Manic-depressive illness or bipolar disorder is a disorder of mood that involves recurrent episodes of abnormally elevated mood (mania) and depression.† (Burton pg.123 2009). Every case is different but all cases of bipolar have manic episodes followed by depressed states. From the decreased activity of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotoninRead MoreWhat Is Childhood Bipolar Disorder?2344 Words   |  10 Pages What is Childhood Bipolar Disorder? A Review of the Literature Barbara Diaz University of Houston-Downtown Author Note This paper was prepared for Psychology 4308, taught by Dr. Jennifer Montgomery Abstract Since the 1990s, the amount of children who are diagnosed with a form of bipolar disorder have rocketed sky high. Children, like adults can possibly have neurological issues in the brain that does not allow them to function properly. These children are seen as hyperactiveRead MoreWhat ´s a Bipolar Disorder?1800 Words   |  8 PagesBipolar disorder is generally a term that society and the media have stigmatized as something horrid. A mental illness that has labeled the individual as crazy due to the extreme pendulum of mood swings. Where we know the individual diagnosed with the disorder is usually happy, sad, irritated, and depressed all in a short period of time. Often times when typically functioning people cringe at the idea of having the mental illness. For myself, I would have to honestly state that I was once one ofRead MoreWhat Bipolar I Disorder ( Bd )1529 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When people are asked what bipolar I disorder (BD) is, responses often include, â€Å"Sometimes they’re really normal and then they get super mad,† â€Å"drastic mood swings,† â€Å"they’re psychotic,† â€Å"one can be very happy and excited but can also experience depression,† and the list is endless. Often, individuals who suffer with BD are stigmatized and discriminated. The following piece is part of a poem called â€Å"You and Me† written by Debbie Sesula, â€Å"...If you get angry /You’re considered upset/Read MoreWhat Is Bipolar 2, Well First Of Its A Disorder?969 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Bipolar 2...well first of its a disorder. A mental illness that effects everyone, yes more woman then men, and is world wide. Recently has been know to be heredity in the genes. A form of mental illness that has very few manic episodes and majority down, depressed episodes. Since with people with bipolar 2 never reach the full maniac stage. Yes these are the mood swings up and down, like the brain has a switch and just turns off the high and lows. The person doesn t feel in controlRead MoreUnderstanding Bipolar Disorder and Evaluating the Possible Causes and Treatments1261 Words   |  6 Pagesevery single detail of life is good. In order to understand what it is like to have your emotions throws around like they are in a hurricane, you must first understand what it is to be bipolar. If a person would like to better understand bipolar disorder, he would have to look at the life of a patient with the disorder, and understand the definition, causes, symptoms, and treatments for the disorder. Understanding exactly what bipolar disorder is can be difficult, but it is best described as a mentalRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment854 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical condition known as bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is when a person suffers from severe shifts in mood and energy. In most cases, bipolar disorder can be treated and people with the illness can live normal and productive lives with the help of medication and or therapy. Aiken, C. (2010). Family Experiences of Bipolar Disorder: The Ups, the Downs and the Bits in Between. Retrieved from Ebsco Host. In this book the author discusses her own dealings with Bipolar Disorder. She goes on to say howRead MoreDo People Living With Bipolar Disorder Need Medication?1154 Words   |  5 Pagesliving with bipolar disorder need medication People living with bipolar disorder need medication to help them function at their full potential. Some people feel that people living with bipolar disorder do not need to be medicated to live a healthy fulfilling life. However to say this first a person must know what bipolar disorder is and how a person is affected by the disorder. According to Rachal Pollock PHD bipolar is described as a common recurrent, often lifelong major psychiatric disorder characterized

Principles of Marketing in Relation

Questions: 1: Understanding the Concepts and process of Marketing2: Concepts of Segmentation and target positioning3: Elements of extended marketing mix4: Marketing Mix Answers: Introduction The report would evaluate the principles of marketing in relation to the various phenomenon of market as elements of marketing. The way business creates differentiation, adds more market share and thus revenue is a strategic marketing tool for business to flourish. Thus it can be said that marketing is the process of identifying, anticipating and delivering the consumers with satisfaction profitably. Thus segmentation, target audience, competitiveness of a business is critically analyzed here to formulate the future needs of business in accordance. 1: Understanding the Concepts and process of Marketing 1.1. Various elements of marketing process The elements of marketing are many of which increasing profits and market share while reducing the cost is the target of the process giving the marketing the needed spin to deliver. Chang (2009) suggests that at the center of the marketing is the product and based on the product attributes, value, demand, use etc the price and market for sales is chosen. The process is thus the orderly steps formulated for each market keeping in view the market needs. Thus the processes in market is a full cycle of demand interpretation, delivery to the consumers at the right price and time which is perceived in value and price as a superior product to its alternatives for a consumer, is the process objective in marketing. Nevertheless, the process needs to be such that it build the value for the target market. 1.2. Cost benefit orientation for specific organization The cost or investments that is invested and on the investments made the benefits that the businesses gains are the cost benefit for it. Kahn (2005) argues that the cost benefits for a business have two purpose, one to determine the investments feasibility and the second is to give a basis or benchmark to analyze the projects. Thus for a business prior to a project development the analysis forms the key for all revenue and costs that can be generated out of the project, showing its feasibility to let the management take a decision to peruse it. Further, Rouwendal (2012) adds that the cost benefit analysis is the tool for management to decide upon the feasibility of a project and whether the project needs changes. Therefore, (Roy and Berger, 2005) argues that the analysis for the social benefit that the project is incurring is the social benefits like ease of transport or savings due to the investment is also considered in the analysis. The marketing exposure received out of the chang ed marketing impetus and thrust which concerns the segment, target, position and value proposition. The Diesel Logo Source is the chosen organization which has invested nearly 1.3 Billion Euro in 2009 with 2200 employees with 5500 outlets as on 2012 (O'Connor, 2013). The customer focus for the business has made them to understand the consumers demands and thus develop products likewise. The sales and distribution is been built upon this unique criteria of preference of consumers but the consumers taste is something that keeps changing in the fast fashion. The processes are thus modified to match the strategic approach of the business. Nevertheless, this change also showed itself on the IT media as the prime source of advertisements. These changes have suitably changed the sales of the brand and its communication efforts. Thus the orientation is more based on the consumers choice over the previous objectives of money earning. Hence the process flow is now more consumers oriented and with changing fashion it is changing fast to accommodate the fresh fashion trends to be available in the market. 2: Concepts of Segmentation and target positioning 2.1. Micro and Macro environmental factors influencing decision making Micro and macro environment are the market decision making actors that have influence on business performance. The micro environment is the internal factors close to business those have direct impact on strategy. The employees, stakeholders, inter business communication and involvement in business decision making is the key to the micro environment of the business. The stakeholders would include employees, suppliers, investors and the people near the business or the society as a whole. The micro environmental factors, especially in the stakeholders case, the vision of the stakeholders are taken into consideration to evolve the processes that includes their point of view and see that the voice of all associated gets a place in policy and strategic formulations. The consumers are key as the marketing that the business performs would be directed towards the development and growth of consumers. Their need of fresh fashion is one while the investors would need sustained business with long term profits and from the employees view a healthy work place environment is the key to effective organizational processes formulation. The macro analysis is the analysis of the overall business environment that is operation in the midst of economic, political, social, cultural, legal, environmental etc issues also can be observed in the PESTLE analysis. These factors have direct impact upon the consumer demands and market dynamics. The macro analysis provides the strategic route for future developments (Szyliowicz et al. 2004). Political: The political environment in which the business is performing may have effects like instability, paramount fear of businesses being taken over by the state (Eg. China). The formulations of strategies are derived to plan the market entry, existence and exit plan depending upon the political situation of the business. The investments are to be done in a market that is politically stable and economically sustainable. Economic: The economic factors implies the exchange rates, the payments for employment in those economies all contributes to the external environment development for pricing, costing and even the entry and exit for a business to stay relevant in various economies. The cost of production and sales are dependent on the economy thus the business needs to suitably arrange its Supply chain, positioning, and product offerings in accordance to the economy that the business is operating in. Social: The taste of people or the way they perceives the business is the social perspective. The trait social factors have on business is paramount considering the changing perception towards the environment friendly processes and ethics in practice. Further social media have made the social aspect of business an important factor for business strategy. The socially acceptable message selection, positioning, advertising etc studies a lot of the social clots before implementation to make them acceptable by the society. Technological: The technology is the most important factor for difference creation between two similar businesses where the cost affectivity of production process decides the price that consumers needs to pay as well as gives an assured quality. This bulk assurance of quality and quantity is what had been achieved with a good mix of people and technology. Further the social medias effect on employees voice and idea circulation is huge. These also have given the technology based personalized services giving a macro over haul of the business operations. Diesel have used its technology factor to build and create a largest market while also enables a more faster production, finish and thus with the use of efficient technology the price of options can be further reduced and further improved with the efficient use of technologies. Environmental: The environmental effects of the business process are key to a good identity building where the participative business processes gives an impression on the users about what all benefits or harm the business is doing to the environment it is working on. Legal: The laws those manage and control the business is the legal aspect of the PESTLE. The legal framework varies from one nation to another. Based on the laws of operations those are existent the legal factor effects the tax, regulation binds the mandatory to work for a business in a market. Thus with change of these factors the business needs to reframe its strategic operational and business objectives likewise in the market that it is operation, for its survival. 2.2. Segmentation criteria for products in different market Segmentation of the market is based upon various demographic factors in the market as economy, taste, culture, age, gender, location etc. Based upon consumer demography the market segmentation is decided by a business for itself (Harris and Bray, 2007). The business thus creates their market communication as well as product in accordance to the market specification. (Bernhardt and Mackenzie, 1968) argues that for a proper segmentation the business needs to incorporate measurable, substantial, accessible, differentiable and actionable principles of market segmentation. Measuring in terms of sales volume and size of the market gives the business an idea of where to focus and how much to focus on a specific market based on these measurable quantities. The substantial segmentation have to be a homogeneous group of people with equal buying power and taste to be a valid market for the business else the size wont be able to explain the expenditure. The group of people in the market needs to be differentiated in accordance to buying behavior, spending capacity etc so that viable differentiation strategy can be formed to campaign in that market can be implemented without an overlap. The access to the market and people in terms of viability needs to be there (Azadi and Rahimzadeh, 2012). Nevertheless, the practical value of the market or its characteristics needs to be acted upon with product information that suites their needs. 2.3. Targeting strategy The target strategy would suggest the way the business wish to build its competence among the target audience. This has two different ways of targeting an audience as differentiated and undifferentiated (Burgess and Zerbe, 2011). The product dose a mass marketing with no differentiation where the entire market is the target audience. Ginter et al. (1992) suggests that broadcasting as well as persuasion are the two significant sales strategy used in this marketing strategy. The target market is differentiated upon their purchasing power, taste, need, etc. This target audience is thus communicated via those media which is common for the group. The group is the target and the business may offer the price or packaging or offer based upon this target market (Hahn, 2010). Further the business may also differentiate via price which again is niche marketing strategy where the business is differentiated on price to its substitutes in the same market. 2.4. Buyers behavior affects marketing activities in different buy Marketing aims to create consumer satisfaction by fulfilling their needs and wants to maintain the loyalty of the consumer towards the product. However, Sanchez (1999) argues that the behavior of a consumer during the purchase decision making process is dependent on six stages that builds the decision. The need for the product or problem recognition is the first part followed by information search which can be going back to memory seeking advice about the products or from commercials. Evaluation of alternatives is the next step where the consumer relates alternatives in the market with the product to assume the viability or benchmark each of them in accordance to their own taste and preference. Therefore, the consumer purchases where the actual business to consumer transaction happens while the post purchase experience gives the idea of the product value while using the product. This suggests that the information and post purchase experience are the two key elements of consumers purc hase decision making. However, the push sales may be such that the consumer would try a product without its need or information but based on persuasion (Noori, 2015). 2.5. New positioning for selected services and products The example of Nokia is taken which previously had a bulk of 46% of the global market share. But the advent of android apps in Smartphone made the accelerated market positioning reducing the Nokias market share. However, Nokia came with alternate viability strategies by associating itself with Microsoft to develop the new MSOffice platform for future smart phones. These additions of the technology have made Nokia a viable competitor in the mobile phone market which it had previously lost. This new positioning is in the smart phone segment have made the consumers look for Nokia phones again which was previously wiped out of the competitive smart phone market. 3: Elements of extended marketing mix 3.1. Product development for sustained marketing mix The market sustainability is developed by creating the marketing mix which suites the business over its competitors and helps the cause of long term viability in the same. Thus the competitive as well as cost advantage is the two distinct features as proposed by Michel Porter. This enables not only to create superior value but also sustained market viability for itself (Sheth and Sharma, 2001). In the marketing mix the price, product, packaging and place are considered where the each individual element creates the desired consumer convenience. The pricing has to e such that the perceived value is higher than the alternatives while the packaging has to assist the product handling and needed product information for the consumers. The promotion enables to enhance the product knowledge among the people with needed or desired information to create the purchase decision. The distribution needs to play a vital role as the product which is not available in the market looses the chance to be picked up. For an example if Pepsi beverage is not available for the people to consume the promotion cost is not well utilized as the chance of sales is significantly challenged by the unavailability, creating loss of sales. 3.2. Distribution for customer convenience Distribution represents the market penetration that the business could achieve for its product. This applies to all products which are available in the market with an accurate distribution strategy. The promotion, packaging and price elements wont be of any effect if the required goods are not available for a consumer at a certain market (Sonderegges, 2011). Again, the distribution needs to be even and easily accessible for people enhancing sales while the product evenly balances the demands with supply. However, over supply may reduce price or let the product occupy shelf space for long creating negative impacts. 3.3. Pricing to reflect market conditions and organizational objectives Pricing generally considers the product manufacturing and distribution cost while pricing. However, the long term sales objective has to consider the market conditions while pricing or develop a value based pricing. The long term viability for the business is in pricing the product in accordance to the market conditions and competitive structures so that the price enhance the value for itself in consumers perception. The worth and the price are thus equated for long term viability in the market which is reflected in the pricing strategy. 3.4. Promotional activity integrated to achieve marketing objectives Promotion is a key element in marketing as discussed above. The purchase decision making process needs the product information to achieve marketing objectives. The promotion aims to convey product mix like price, availability along with product information about how it can meet the consumers needs. Raychaudhuri (2014) explains that the promotion is the communication between the producer and consumer of the product. The promotion thus integrates advertisements, promotional campaigns like discount, offers to promote the product among the target market to enhance consumer demands, reach out more among people. 4: Marketing Mix 4.1. Marketing Mix for two different segment in consumer market The two different segments of consumers can be bunched as rural and urban consumer segment based upon their location and accessibility, for the case. Considering the rural population is the one with lesser media options and sparkly populated compared to the heavy density distribution aspect of business sees changes too. Product: The rural market is considered to have lesser technical knowledge compared to the urban counterparts. Thus the technically superior products like Smartphone technology or five start hotel is concentrated in the urban segment and is designed for the urban crowd. Nevertheless, the switching of people from one product to another as the scope is their so the product is designed to gain consumer loyalty in urban areas. Price: The pricing determines the segment that the product ventures to appeal. The higher cost of product is considered to be less competitive in rural segment due to the power of spending the two segments possesses. Thus the pricing for the urban products would consider the pricing such that it is competitive in the urban areas. However, for consumer products the pricing is kept equal for all the market as its do not concentrate on segmentation but on mass sales. Product distribution: From the distribution side the distribution is supported by the logistics and warehouses concentrated all across the market. The more the concentration the better the logistics supply. The rural areas would mean a robust business set up to distribute the product while the urban in the modern day are reaching for e-retails. Through this distribution the business to consumer sales is generated in the urban areas which have lesser significance in the rural lands. Promotion: The use of internet media for promotion has changes the way urban and rural segments sees the product promotion. The social media had added the advantage of the product information in the media at a cost effective manner which is rather a bigger ploy to generate revenue in the rural areas. The campaigns need massive cost for the rural population than in Urban space as the density makes the advertisements more frequent for urban areas to rural areas. 4.2. Difference in marketing for business sales over consumer sales The business sales made to a business is called the B2B sales which stand for business to business sales while made to consumer would mean B2C or business to consumer sales. The sales made to business houses would mean that the business sales the product or service for another business process or unit which further utilize the service or product for its own use. The B2B sales of Cement to major infrastructure company are one aspect while selling cement to consumers for their own construction work is another. The volume, quality, price and distribution differs in B2B to its B2C counterpart. The relationship between the businesses matters in this case of marketing where the business goes for a long term deal with another business. 4.3. International Vs Domestic markets The business can vary in the international markets to its domestic counterparts due to various reasons. The political, legal, environmental, social and cultural difference along with economic disparity in the international markets makes a business develop certain traits those the domestic market may not demand (Islam, 2014). The viability of the business in the international front needs the business to adopt the local norms like religion, taste of people, local media for promotion, price that suites that market which would be varying in content and scope depending on the market they are targeted for. Logistics and distribution along with technology to suite the international venture is another aspect that needs the careful development of the business infrastructure in the foreign lands. List of references Azadi, S. and Rahimzadeh, E. (2012) Developing Marketing Strategy for Electronic Business by Using McCarthy's Four Marketing Mix Model and Porters Five Competitive Forces. Journals of Marketing, 2(2), 23 BERNHARDT, I. and MACKENZIE, K. (1968). MEASURING SELLER UNCONCENTRATION, SEGMENTATION AND PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION. Economic Inquiry, 6(5), pp.395-403 Burgess, D. and Zerbe, R. (2011). Appropriate Discounting for Benefit-Cost Analysis. Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 2(2). Chang, Y. (2009). An exploration of the standardization of targeting strategies and the use of promotional disciplines on the web: A cross-national study. Journal of Marketing Communications, 15(5), pp.327-343 Ginter, P., Duncan, W. and Capper, S. (1992). Keeping strategic thinking in strategic planning: Macro-environmental analysis in a state department of public health. Public Health, 106(4), pp.253-269 Hahn, R. (2010). Designing Smarter Regulation with Improved Benefit-Cost Analysis. Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 1(1), 34 Harris, C. and Bray, J. (2007). Price endings and consumer segmentation. Jnl of Product Brand Mgt, 16(3), pp.200-205 HOWELL, A. (2011). Labor Market Segmentation in Urumqi, Xinjiang: Exposing Labor Market Segments and Testing the Relationship between Migration and Segmentation. Growth and Change, 42(2), pp.200-226. Islam, M. (2014). Domestic Vs. International Business. [online] Academia.edu. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/4618237/Domestic_Vs._International_Business [Accessed 15 May 2015]. Kahn, K. (2005). Framing marketing effectiveness as a process and outcome. Marketing Theory, 5(4), pp.457-469 Millman, C. and El-Gohary, H. (2011). New Digital Media Marketing and Micro Business. International Journal of Online Marketing, 1(1), pp.41-62 Noori, B. (2015). Developing a CBR System for Marketing Mix Planning and Weighting Method Selection Using Fuzzy AHP. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 29(1), pp.1-32. O'Connor, C. (2013). Blue Jean Billionaire: Inside Diesel, Renzo Rosso's $3 Billion Fashion Empire. [online] Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2013/03/06/blue-jean-billionaire-inside-diesel-renzo-rossos-3-billion-denim-empire/ [Accessed 15 May 2015] Piercy, N. (1987). The Marketing Budgeting Process: Marketing Management Implications. Journal of Marketing, 51(4), p.45 Raychaudhuri, A. (2014). Cross-Border Mergers and Market Segmentation. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 62(2), pp.229-257 Rouwendal, J. (2012). Indirect Effects in Cost-Benefit Analysis. Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 3(1) Roy, A. and Berger, P. (2005). Business-to-Business Approaches to Marketing to and Through Associations: A Descriptive Analysis and Research Issues. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 12(3), pp.27-57. Sanchez, R. (1999). Modular Architectures in the Marketing Process. Journal of Marketing, 63, p.92. Sheth, J. and Sharma, A. (2001). Efficacy of financial measures of marketing: It depends on markets and marketing strategies. Marketing annual, 9(4), pp.341-356 SONDEREGGER, S. (2011). MARKET SEGMENTATION WITH NONLINEAR PRICING*. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 59(1), pp.38-62. Sweeney, D. (1972). Marketing: Management Technology or Social Process?. Journal of Marketing, 36(4), p.3. Szyliowicz, D., Kennedy, K. and Nelson, T. (2004). Shaping of Strategic Behavior: How Macro-Environmental Effects Pattern the Country-Level Participation of Non-US Firms in US Equity Markets. Technology Analysis Strategic Management, 16(2), pp.223-240. Taken Smith, K. (2012). Longitudinal study of digital marketing strategies targeting Millennials. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 29(2), pp.86-92. Taylor, L., Allardyce, M. and Macpherson, N. (1992). Determining marketing strategies for organizations targeting the European tourist to Scotland. Tourism Management, 13(1), pp.50-55. Udel.edu, (2014). Consumer Buying Behavior Notes. [online] Available at: https://www.udel.edu/alex/chapt6.html [Accessed 15 May 2015]. Ward, K. and Ryals, L. (2001). Latest thinking on attaching a financial value to marketing strategy: Through brands to valuing relationships. Journals of Marketing, 9(4), pp.327-340. Wickham, M. (2010). Developing employer of choice status: exploring an employment marketing mix. Hum Res Mgt Intl Digest, 18(1) Wilke, R. and Ritter, T. (2006). Levels of Analysis in Business-to-Business Marketing. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 13(3), pp.39-64

On the Road free essay sample

An analysis of Jack Kerouacs novel On the Road. The paper discusses the core theme and purpose of Jack Kerouacs novel On the Road which was published in 1957. The novel is essentially about the authors trips to various parts of the country in search of wisdom and truth. This paper focuses on the actual purpose of the journey and finds out if the writer was finally able to reach his destination or not. The paper also discusses the Beat generation briefly and explains why it was difficult for people to understand the theme of the novel when it first appeared in 1950s. On the Road is one of the most widely read books that emerged out of the Beat generation of the 1950s. To understand On the Road better, it is important to delve deeper in the society and culture of the time when Americans were increasingly looking for an alternative lifestyle and in their quest for something unique and different, they experimented with everything that appeared wild and adventurous. We will write a custom essay sample on On the Road or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jack Kerouac was one important beats icon and in his book, he has essentially talked about the journey that took him to different parts of the country. The author has not discussed this journey as simply a vacation trip; there is something intensely deep and meaningful in his travel chronicles. He was not precisely interested in visiting various parts of the country but his journey actually reflects a disturbed soul and mind looking for some stability in unpredictable and uncertain times.

Arg. essay essays

Arg. essay essays Governmental Funding of Scientific and Technological Advancement Modern medicines have more than doubled our life expectancies just in the last few years. It has enabled children to receive vaccinations against diseases that once ensured a vast majority of infant mortalities. Without research and development, science would not be nearly as advanced as it is today. We would not have the things we take for granted, nor would we realize the true power of knowledge. The government should fund the advancement of science and technology because it allows advancement in our nations communications, it increases productivity rates for various companies, and it allows us to understand areas in science such as cloning and in vitro fertilization. Some say that science gives man the ability to play God. They say that it has greatly increased the ability of men and women to kill each other. According to Richard Mott, they say that it is despoiling the natural world and that science is dangerous. it is apparent that science is both capable of killing and curing. How can we claim that science is giving man the ability to play God when were talking about the existence of a deity that many people do not even believe in? Theyre implying that science is violating a boundary. What boundary? Science does not kill; man does. We cannot blame science for flaws in human nature or deaths in war. The government makes sure that our country has the most advanced warfare that is considered legal. So why shouldnt the government fund the research and development that goes into those weapons? The proposition states that were irresponsible for meddling in areas that we know nothing of. The word society itself comes from socialization- the idea of interaction and communication. Telephones and email enable people on opposite sides of the world...

Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Professional Development - Essay Example Systems’ thinking is a management paradigm, an organizational analysis tool, and holistic institutional management paradigm. From this perspective, its use contributes to the informed shortcomings in the education system and designs strategies in overcoming these shortcomings. The component also investigates the relationship of systems thinking with education, and professional and institutional development. In conclusion, this approach has the potential to overcome the gap between teachers - student development. To understand K - 12 educators’ professional development literature, terms relevant to the topic must be understood. Speck and Knipe (2001) suggest that the 1980’s saw the emergence of professional development as a term preferred for its emphasis on teaching as a profession. However, Fenstermacher and Berliner (1985) assert that staff development was the buzzword for that decade, and appears more burdened with traditional notions of teacher growth plus one-time workshop, whereas professional development resonate more with the contemporary notions connecting teaching to the professionalism. Others continue to use the terms staff development and professional development interchangeably (Richardson, 2003). Professional development is defined in many ways. Guskey (2000) defines it as processes and activities to enhance educators’ professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes, thus improving students’ learning (p. 16). In his earlier work, Guskey (1986) defined staff development as student learning improvement, a systematic attempt to bring about changes among teachers’ practice, beliefs, attitude, and learning outcome among students (p. 5), and lately, he proposed that professional development involves intentionally designed and systematic efforts to effect change. Evans (2002) contends that lack of concept clarity and literatures impoverished

The Causality Relation between the Kazakhstan Stock Market and the US Dissertation

The Causality Relation between the Kazakhstan Stock Market and the US Dollar, the Euro and the Russian Ruble - Dissertation Example The relation between the Kazakhstan tenge and other currencies is examined by statistical time series analysis. The relationship of exchange rates over a specific period of time is studied based upon bivariate and multivariate variables. Currency has continuously evolved as the domestic and international vehicle for trade. This paper will define and discuss the history of the causality relation between the Kazakhstan Stock Market and the tenge, and the US Dollar, the Euro, and the Russian Ruble. The research includes a quantitative analysis by using several statistical methods to support the hypotheses. The sample data represents performance analysis from June 2000 to December 2012. Skilled trader George Soros earned one billion dollars in one day, trading currency on the Foreign Exchange market (XE Currency, 2013). Massive amounts of World trade are made possible through stock exchanges. Today, world trade systems have become high-tech, electronic passageways for intercontinental commerce. The Foreign Exchange market (FOREX) is as big as the World Wide Web. Averaging trillions of dollars in transactions each day, the FOREX operates 24 hours a day. However, the stock market did not become what it is today, overnight. Time, trial and error, and the demand for commerce have shaped the stock market exchange into what it is today. The stock exchange is the most crucial element of international trade. Stocks are like football teams, the true fans root for their favorites whether they win or lose. And when they lose, they don’t exchange them for better prospects, they go back to the play room drawing board. Some have argued tha

The turning point of historys great events Essay Example for Free

The turning point of historys great events Essay History is full of incidences which have altered its course. One such incident that has altered the course of present politics and possibly the course of international politics and international law is the horrendous act of terrorism of 9/11. In its wake the incident has left consequences that are still affecting the course of politics and international laws. United States actions against Iraq, Afghanistan and even its relation with the country of Western Europe have been affected in the aftermath of 9/11.   It seemed that United States identified Iraq as a potential threat to its policies in the Middle East and promoter of terrorism and despite UN resollution chose to go it alone and used a new doctrine of pre-emptive attack to what it saw as a potential threat from weapons of mass destruction (WMD) stockpiled by Iraq. Unfortunately no WMD were found in Iraq but the doctrine of pre-emptive strike will be cited by many governments to attack their weaker neighbors. Israel was the only country to have used this doctrine to attack Iraqi under construction nuclear power plant. The United Nations and United States had condemned Israel for this action. The War on Terrorism also created dilemmas for International law as United States refused to recognize Taliban [Borelli, 2005]   and Al-Qaeda suspects as Prisoners of War[1] (POW) and classified them as Illegal combatant[2] denying them status of both common criminal and POWs creating problems such as Guantanamo Bay, CIA interrogation Centers and legal status of prisoners.. This has created a problem for the International law[3] and also a precedent for many other countries to cite in defense of their own illegal activities. The racial profiling and early version of Patriot Act once again discriminated between different type of US citizens, authorizing illegal wire tapping and invasion of privacy of law abiding Arab Americans which made the people recall Japanese internment during the Second World War. The attack on the World Trade Center had won United States worldwide sympathy and this opportunity could have been used to strengthen international laws against terrorism. The US government actions have alienated many of our traditional allies in Europe. The world is still not free of terrorism and the coalition of willing formed in the wake of 9/11 has not yet achieved its objectives. The United States citizens and Congress which gave almost a unanimous support to war on terrorism and War in Iraq now find that they have been misled by the government and have said so with their votes in the Congressional elections. It seems that the incident of 9/11 which had won us worldwide sympathy and desire to act against terrorism has resulted in a much divided and threatened world due to our actions since 9/11. One thing is certain; the incident of 9/11 has altered the course of the history. The new system will hopefully give more importance to international bodies and international laws [Gasser, 2002] to resolve dispute and the threats posed by terrorism. Alternatively, the consequences could further divide the world and may even create wider conflict in the Middle East and even more problems for the world peace. Bibliography Borelli, S. Legal Black Hole, retrieved from Internet on 27 February 2007 http://www.icrc.org/Web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/review-857-p39/$File/irrc_857_Borelli.pdf Gasser, H., Acts of Terror, Terrorism and International law, ICRC, September 2002, Vol. 84, No 847, http://www.icrc.org/Web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/5FLCCX/$File/irrc_847_Gasser.pdf [1] George W. Bush, Memorandum on ‘Humane treatment of Taliban and al-Qaeda detainees ’, 7 February 2002, available at http://pegc.no-ip.info/archive/White_House/bush_memo_20020207_ed.pdf [2] Secretary of Defense, News Briefing, 11 January 2002,available at http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Jan2002/briefings.html [3] According to news reports, shortly after the attacks of 11 September the President of the United States signed a secret order authorizing the CIA to set up a network of secret detention and interrogation centers outside the United States where high value prisoners could be subjected to interrogation tactics, which would be prohibited under US law. The US government negotiated â€Å"status of forces †agreements with several foreign governments allowing the US to set up CIA-run interrogation facilities and granting immunity to US personnel and private contractors; Ref: J. Barry, M. Hirsh and M. Isiko. â€Å"The roots of torture †, Newsweek, 24 May 2004;